Significant Progress Has Been Made to Provide Interpreter
Services to Non-English Speaking Taxpayers in the Taxpayer Assistance Centers,
but Improvements Are Needed
January 2003
Reference
Number: 2003-40-045
This report has cleared the Treasury
Inspector General for Tax Administration disclosure review process and
information determined to be restricted from public release has been redacted
from this document.
January
31, 2003
MEMORANDUM FOR
COMMISSIONER, WAGE AND INVESTMENT DIVISION
FROM: Gordon C. Milbourn III /s/ Gordon C.
Milbourn III
Acting Deputy Inspector
General for Audit
SUBJECT: Final Audit Report - Significant Progress
Has Been Made to Provide Interpreter Services to Non-English Speaking Taxpayers
in the Taxpayer Assistance Centers, but Improvements Are Needed (Audit # 200240052)
This
report presents the results of our review to determine if all Taxpayer
Assistance Centers (TAC) have the over-the-phone-interpreter (OPI) service and
the equipment needed to access the service to provide tax law assistance to
non-English speaking (NES) taxpayers.
Executive
Order 13166, dated August 11, 2000, required each federal agency to examine the
services it provides and develop and implement a system by which limited
English proficiency persons can meaningfully access those services without
unduly burdening the mission of the agency.
This report provides an assessment of the Internal Revenue Service’s
(IRS) efforts to comply with the Executive Order in its TACs.
In summary, we commend the
IRS for implementing an interpreter service in its TACs to communicate with NES
taxpayers before the President signed the Executive Order. The IRS used the 1990 Census data to decide
where to pilot the interpreter service.
The IRS piloted the service in Fiscal Year (FY) 1999 in 13 cities from
Honolulu, Hawaii, to New York, New York.
The IRS expanded the service to other cities in FYs 2000 and 2001 as
funding permitted.
In FY 2002, the IRS decided
to expand the service to all TACs. The IRS
successfully placed the interpreter service, known as the OPI service, in 404
(97 percent) of its 417 TACs in FY 2002.
However, the overall management of the service needs improvement.
Thirteen (3 percent) of the
417 TACs did not have a client identification number, which is required to
access the OPI service. The NES
taxpayers who visited these TACs on occasion experienced a 1-hour wait time
before they were served. In other
instances, the taxpayers were told to return with an interpreter.
Seven of the 13 TACs used another TAC’s client identification number to access the OPI service. According to IRS management, each TAC should have its own client identification number. The managers of these TACs were not aware that each TAC should have its own client identification number.
The manager for five of the remaining six TACs tried unsuccessfully to obtain the OPI service. The manager of the sixth TAC did not request OPI service because a bilingual employee worked at the TAC. Therefore, the interpreter service was not available to the taxpayers that visited these six sites.
Also, 202 of the TACs requested additional equipment
to be used with the OPI service. The
equipment requested included handsets, splitters (a device that allows two
telephone handsets to be used with one telephone), and telephone lines. The individual requests were consolidated
into a national request that would be used to purchase the equipment. However, the equipment for 13 of the 202
TACs was not shown on the national request.
Finally, the justifications for requesting the
equipment for 12 (55 percent) of 22 TACs judgmentally selected for review were
not sufficient. For example, 5 of the
12 generally requested enough equipment to access the OPI service from all the
counters at the TAC. However, review of
the vendor usage reports showed these TACs used the OPI service
infrequently. Also, these TACs were not
in the new TAC design model, which requires OPI equipment for each IRS
employee’s work area.
IRS management advised us that the TACs that were not
in the new TAC design should have OPI equipment for every other counter (e.g.,
if a TAC has six counters, OPI equipment should be in three of them). However, this information was not provided
to the TACs’ managers before they requested the additional equipment.
Vendor reports for the OPI service showed other
discrepancies:
·
Eight TACs had client
identification numbers on the vendor’s reports but were not listed on IRS
records as TACs that were in operation in FY 2002.
·
Eight TACs had two
client identification numbers and, in some cases, the TACs used both
numbers.
·
Six TACs had their own
client identification numbers but were told to use other TACs’ client
identification numbers.
·
The vendor’s addresses
for 160 TACs did not match the addresses on IRS records.
IRS
management established the goal that all TACs should have the OPI service
in FY 2002. However, they did not establish effective guidelines to ensure
this goal was achieved. As a result, the IRS cannot ensure that it can service all NES taxpayers
who visit its TACs. Furthermore, the burden on
taxpayers who visited these TACs increased due to experiencing increased wait
time or having to return on another day.
We
recommended that the Commissioner, Wage and Investment Division, take steps to
ensure the OPI service is operating as intended. This should include periodic reviews to ensure that all TACs have
a client identification number, periodic monitoring of vendor reports to ensure
all TACs are using the service as intended, and periodic guidance to TAC
managers on program expectations for the OPI service. Taking these actions will assist the IRS in meeting the challenge
of providing top-quality customer service to all taxpayers.
Management’s
Response: The IRS agreed with the recommendations in
the report and has planned or taken corrective actions. Specifically, each TAC has OPI service
available, and detailed OPI procedures have been completed and are being
reviewed by Field Assistance managers.
Management’s complete response to the draft report is included as
Appendix VII.
Copies of this
report are also being sent to the IRS managers who are affected by the report
results. Please contact me at (202)
622-6510 if you have questions or Michael R. Phillips, Assistant Inspector General
for Audit (Wage and Investment Income Programs), at (202) 927-0597.
Management
of the Over-the-Phone Interpreter Service Needs Improvement
Appendix I – Detailed Objective, Scope, and Methodology
Appendix II – Major Contributors to This Report
Appendix III – Report Distribution List
Appendix IV – Outcome Measures
Appendix V – Over-the-Phone Interpreter Service Usage by State and
Non-English Languages
Appendix VI – Estimated Cost of Equipment Requested by
Taxpayer Assistance Centers
Appendix VII – Management’s Response to the Draft Report
The Federal Government provides and funds an array of services that could be accessible to eligible persons who are not proficient in the English language. To improve accessibility to those services, the President signed Executive Order 13166 on August 11, 2000. The Executive Order requires each federal agency to examine the services it provides and develop and implement a system by which limited English proficiency persons can meaningfully access those services without unduly burdening the mission of the agency.
Prior to the signing of the Executive Order, the Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) issued a Multilingual Policy Statement on October 18, 1999. The Policy Statement included, among other things, providing interpreter services in many different languages for customers at some of the walk-in offices, now called Taxpayer Assistance Centers (TAC). The Policy Statement also mentioned the IRS’ plans to expand the interpreter service the following 2 years.
In response to the President’s Executive Order, the IRS established a Multilingual Initiative that incorporated the provisions from the Policy Statement and the Executive Order. Field Assistance (FA), a function in the Wage and Investment (W&I) Division of the IRS with responsibility for the TACs, provided in its Fiscal Year (FY) 2002 operating procedures that its TACs would offer multilingual assistance. The primary vehicle for providing the assistance was bilingual employees and access to an over-the-phone interpreter (OPI) service in each TAC.
In FY 2002, the IRS renewed its contract with a vendor to provide interpreter services. This service includes interpreters from all over the country who speak approximately 140 different languages. IRS personnel in the TACs obtain access to the interpreters by using telephone equipment, calling an access number, and supplying the required identifying information (a client identification number). The telephone equipment used includes two handsets and a splitter (a device that permits two telephone handsets to be used with one telephone). The two handsets allow a taxpayer and an IRS employee to speak to an interpreter using the same telephone.
When a non-English speaking (NES) taxpayer visits a TAC, he or she is shown an identification card that lists various languages. The taxpayer points to the language he or she speaks, and the IRS employee dials the appropriate access number for an interpreter. The interpreter translates the taxpayer’s question for the IRS employee, who does research to get an answer for the taxpayer. The IRS employee gives the information to the interpreter who translates it for the taxpayer.
This review was conducted in the Atlanta, Georgia; Santa Maria, California; and Des Moines, Iowa, IRS FA offices between July and October 2002. The audit was conducted in accordance with Government Auditing Standards. Detailed information on our audit objective, scope, and methodology is presented in Appendix I. Major contributors to the report are listed in Appendix II.
We commend the IRS for implementing an interpreter service in its TACs to communicate with NES taxpayers before the President signed the Executive Order. The IRS used the 1990 Census data that included demographic maps, population surveys, and the most linguistically diverse cities in the United States to decide where to pilot the interpreter service. The IRS piloted the service in FY 1999 in 13 cities from Honolulu, Hawaii, to New York, New York. The IRS expanded the service to other cities in FYs 2000 and 2001 as funding permitted. In FY 2002, the IRS decided to expand the service to all 417 TACs.
The IRS successfully placed the OPI service in 404 (97 percent) of its 417 TACs in FY 2002. These 404 TACs had a client identification number which is required to access the OPI service. The remaining 13 TACs (3 percent) did not have a client identification number.
From June 17, 1999, to June 30, 2002, 189 TACs in 44 states and the District of Columbia used the OPI service and made approximately 14,000 calls totaling approximately 141,000 minutes. The calls were to 58 different languages and cost approximately $259,000. The chart below lists the top 10 languages that taxpayers requested along with other details on the use of the service.
Top 10 Languages Used and Other Information on the OPI Service
|
Language |
Number of Minutes |
Number of Calls |
Avg. Length of Calls (In Minutes) |
Charges for Calls |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Spanish |
128,836 |
12,602 |
10 |
$231,638 |
|
Mandarin |
2,084 |
242 |
9 |
4,343 |
|
Korean |
1,246 |
130 |
10 |
2,490 |
|
Vietnamese |
1,196 |
105 |
11 |
2,460 |
|
Cantonese |
929 |
100 |
9 |
2,085 |
|
Russian |
768 |
79 |
10 |
1,562 |
|
Haitian Creole |
587 |
54 |
11 |
1,124 |
|
Japanese |
587 |
48 |
12 |
1,156 |
|
French |
528 |
57 |
9 |
1,079 |
|
Arabic |
447 |
39 |
12 |
895 |
Source: Vendor Report from June 17, 1999, to June
30, 2002.
Additional details regarding the TACs’ usage of the OPI service by state and languages are in Appendix V.
Although the IRS placed the OPI service in the majority of its TACs to offer assistance to NES taxpayers, the FY 2002 goal that each TAC have the OPI service was not accomplished. In addition, we identified other conditions about the OPI service that warrant management’s attention.
All TACs did not have a
client identification number assigned to them
Thirteen (3 percent) of the 417 TACs
did not have a client identification number, which is required to access the
OPI service. The client identification
number is a unique six-digit number assigned to each TAC for billing purposes
and for tracking the use of the service.
Before an interpreter can be connected to a call from a TAC, the IRS
employee must provide the TAC’s client identification number.
Seven of the 13 TACs used another
TAC’s client identification number to access the OPI service. These seven TACs were located in New York,
Texas, and Illinois. Five of the
remaining six TACs that did not have a client identification number were located
in Iowa. The remaining TAC was located
in Texas.
The IRS’ goal for FY 2002 was to
have the OPI service available in all TACs.
IRS management also advised us that each TAC should have its own client
identification number and should not be sharing numbers.
The manager for five of the TACs
that did not have a client identification number had tried unsuccessfully to
get the service for the TACs. The
manager of the remaining TAC did not obtain a client identification number
because the TAC had a bilingual employee.
Therefore, the service was not
available to the taxpayers that visited these six sites.
The managers at the seven TACs
that were sharing client identification numbers were not aware that each TAC
should have its own client identification number. In three cases, upper level managers told the TAC managers to
share client identification numbers.
FA headquarters personnel relied
on the former OPI analyst to ensure that all TACs had their own client
identification number. The analyst did
not conduct reviews or follow up to ensure that each TAC had a number.
Managers in the TACs that did not
have the OPI service informed us that during the 2002 Filing Season, NES
taxpayers on occasion experienced wait times of up to 1 hour because an IRS
employee was not available to assist the taxpayers. In some cases, the taxpayers left because the wait was too
long. In other cases, the NES taxpayers
were told to come back and bring an interpreter with them.
Although the actual number of
taxpayers who had these experiences is not known, these actions increased the
burden on NES taxpayers as they attempted to comply with the tax laws. According to the 2000 Census data, the 6
TACs that did not have a client identification number were located in cities
with a total NES population of approximately 61,000. The languages spoken by the NES population included the
categories of Spanish and Asian and Pacific Island. Since the TACs in these cities did not have the OPI service,
these NES taxpayers potentially did not have access to the IRS’ interpreter
services that were designed and implemented for them.
Sharing
client identification numbers prevents IRS management from being able to
effectively monitor the use of the service by each TAC. Monitoring the use of the service could
assist IRS management in managing and distributing resources to the TACs.
All TACs did not have all the equipment needed to
access the OPI service, and those that requested equipment might not need as
much as they requested
Information obtained from the IRS showed 202 of the 417 TACs requested additional equipment to be used with the OPI service. The equipment requested included telephone lines, telephone sets, handsets, and splitters. The individual equipment needs were consolidated into a national request for equipment. We estimated the cost of the additional equipment is approximately $117,530. See Appendix VI for a breakdown of the estimated cost.
A comparison of the TACs’ individual requests for equipment to the national request identified 13 TACs that were not listed on the national request. Only 189 TACs were shown on the national request. However, IRS management was not aware of this discrepancy because there were no reviews of the individual requests to ensure they were all included on the national request.
We selected a judgmental sample of 22 of the 202 TACs that requested equipment. The justifications submitted for additional equipment were not sufficient for 12 (55 percent) of the 22 TACs. Examples of the justifications submitted for some of the 12 TACs were as follows:
· Five TACs generally requested enough equipment to access the OPI service from all counters.
· Two TACs requested equipment in case of an emergency or to have extra equipment.
· One TAC requested equipment to replace equipment that was lost.
IRS management advised us that the TACs that do not have the new TAC design model should have OPI equipment for every other counter (work area). For example, if a TAC has six counters, OPI equipment should be in three of them. However, this information was not provided to the TACs before they requested the additional equipment.
IRS management advised us that they would issue guidelines to the TACs to re-evaluate their equipment requests. The IRS plans to purchase the equipment as listed in the national request; however, it will distribute the purchased equipment based on the revised equipment requests received from the TACs. Because of the IRS’ actions, we are not making recommendations in this area.
Vendor reports identifying the TACs and accounting for their use of the OPI service showed discrepancies
Analysis of the vendor reports for the period June 17, 1999, through June 30, 2002, identified several discrepancies:
· Eight TACs shown on the vendor reports had client identification numbers but were not listed on IRS records as TACs that were in operation in FY 2002. One of the eight used the OPI service.
· Eight TACs had two client identification numbers assigned to them. Three of the eight used both client identification numbers.
· Six TACs had their own client identification numbers; however, their managers instructed the employees to use other TACs’ client identification numbers. The six TACs were located in Nevada, Arizona, Illinois, and Washington.
· The addresses for 160 TACs on the vendor reports did not match the addresses on IRS records.
Internal control guidelines suggest periodic monitoring of goals, which includes comparison and assessment of program data, to ensure that findings from reviews are promptly corrected or resolved. However, IRS management advised us that very few, if any, reviews of the OPI service were conducted during FY 2002. As a result, the goal of having the OPI service in all TACs during FY 2002 was not achieved.
Without establishing effective guidelines to monitor the accomplishment of goals, the IRS cannot ensure that it can service NES taxpayers who visit its TACs. Taxpayers who are not proficient in the English language may encounter additional wait times because the OPI service and needed equipment is not available in all TACs.
We recommend that the Commissioner, W&I Division, take the following actions to assist the IRS in meeting the challenge of providing top-quality customer service to all taxpayers:
1. Establish guidelines to ensure the OPI service is available in all TACs and operating as intended. The guidelines should include required periodic reviews of vendor reports for accuracy, which would include comparing the existing TACs with vendor information to ensure all TACs have client identification numbers and are not using other TACs’ identification numbers.
Management’s Response: The Commissioner, W&I Division, stated that due to a misunderstanding, TAC offices that had bilingual employees did not require the OPI service. The misunderstanding was corrected by issuing verbal instructions to Area analysts to ensure TAC managers were aware of the requirement to provide multilingual assistance through an OPI service. Each TAC office has the OPI service available. Additional actions are underway to determine the need for more equipment.
2. Issue a guidance memorandum to all TAC managers and other appropriate officials to advise them of the OPI service expectations. The guidance should address items such as the purpose for each TAC having a unique client identification number.
Management’s Response: The Commissioner, W&I Division, stated
they have completed detailed OPI procedures, and FA managers are reviewing
them. The procedures include
instructions for TACs to use only their own client identification number when
accessing the OPI service and other program expectations. The unique client identification number will
allow IRS management to track costs and usage for each TAC office.
Appendix I
Detailed Objective, Scope, and Methodology
The overall objective of this review was to determine if all Taxpayer Assistance Centers (TAC) have the over-the-phone interpreter (OPI) service and the equipment needed to access the service to provide tax law assistance to non-English speaking (NES) taxpayers.
To
achieve the objective, we performed the following tests:
I.
Determined what data Internal
Revenue Service (IRS) management used to decide which TACs would receive the
OPI service in Fiscal Years 1999 through 2001.
II. Determined what languages were used the most and the cost
charged for the OPI service from the beginning of the program through June 30,
2002. Also, determined the TACs’ use of
the OPI service by state and languages.
III. Determined if all TACs had a client identification number
to access the OPI service. Contacted
the managers of six TACs that did not have client identification numbers to
determine the following:
A.
Why the TACs did not have client identification numbers and/or why they
were sharing client identification numbers with other TACs.
B.
If NES taxpayers experienced long wait times.
C. What equipment the TACs without client
identification numbers needed to offer assistance to NES taxpayers.
D. If each TAC’s equipment needs were listed
on the national equipment request.
IV. Determined the population of NES taxpayers for each TAC
that did not have the OPI service.
V. Determined if a judgmental sample of 22 of 202 TACs that
requested equipment had sufficient justification for their requests. Used a judgmental sample to ensure the
following were selected:
·
TACs that requested
additional equipment but previously had little or no use of the OPI service.
·
TACs where equipment was
requested but the TAC did not have a client identification number to access the
OPI service.
·
The two TACs where NES
taxpayers had experienced problems receiving assistance with their tax law
questions.
VI. Determined if the vendor had client identification numbers
for TACs that were not on the IRS’ records and if there were any TACs listed
with more than one client identification number.
Appendix II
Major Contributors to This Report
Michael R. Phillips, Assistant
Inspector General for Audit (Wage and Investment Income Programs)
Kerry Kilpatrick, Director
Deborah Glover, Audit Manager
Tanya Boone, Senior Auditor
Deborah
Drain, Senior Auditor
Frank
Jones, Senior Auditor
Robert Baker, Auditor
Appendix III
Acting Commissioner N:C
Director, Customer Assistance, Relationships and Education W:CAR
Director, Field Assistance W:CAR:FA
Director, Strategy and Finance W:S
Chief Counsel CC
National Taxpayer Advocate TA
Director, Legislative Affairs CL:LA
Director, Office of Program Evaluation and Risk Analysis N:AD:R:O
Office of Management Controls N:CFO:F:M
Audit Liaison:
Program/Process
Assistant Coordinator, Wage and Investment
Division W:HR
Appendix IV
This appendix presents detailed information on the measurable impact that our recommended corrective actions will have on tax administration. These benefits will be incorporated into our Semiannual Report to the Congress.
Type and Value of Outcome Measure:
· Taxpayer Burden – Potential; 61,000 non-English speaking (NES) persons did not have access to the over-the-phone interpreter (OPI) service (see page 4).
Methodology Used to Measure the Reported Benefit:
We compared the Internal Revenue Service’s list of Taxpayer Assistance Centers (TAC) operating in Fiscal Year 2002 to the vendor’s list of TACs and identified six TACs that did not have client identification numbers. The client identification number is required to access the OPI service. Five TACs were located in Iowa and one TAC was located in Texas.
We used the 2000 Census data and identified 61,000 NES persons by languages for each of the cities where the six TACs were located. We used the totals for the Spanish, Asian and Pacific Island, Other-Indo European, and All Other Language categories to identify the NES population in these cities.
Appendix V
|
|
|
Language Categories |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
State |
Population |
Asian and Pacific Island |
Other Indo-European |
All Other Languages (Includes
Hungarian, Arabic and African) |
Spanish
|
|
No. of Mins. Used |
|||||
|
No. of Calls
Made |
|||||
|
Alabama |
|
22,122 |
43,812 |
6,820 |
89,729 |
|
|
|
|
244 |
||
|
|
|
|
18 |
||
|
Alaska |
|
22,186 |
12,851 |
31,047 |
16,674 |
|
18 |
|
|
150 |
||
|
2 |
|
|
20 |
||
|
Arizona |
|
62,204 |
102,004 |
137,634 |
927,395 |
|
25 |
148 |
19 |
283 |
||
|
1 |
7 |
2 |
35 |
||
|
|
|
Language Categories |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
State |
Population |
Asian and Pacific Island |
Other Indo-European |
All Other Languages (Includes
Hungarian, Arabic and African) |
Spanish
|
|
No. of Mins. Used |
|||||
|
No. of Calls
Made |
|||||
Arkansas |
|
15,238 |
22,695 |
3,357 |
82,465 |
|
1 |
|
|
3 |
||
|
1 |
|
|
1 |
||
|
California |
|
2,709,179 |
1,335,332 |
251,740 |
8,105,505 |
|
1,253 |
304 |
32 |
32,670 |
||
|
113 |
27 |
6 |
2,941 |
||
|
Colorado |
|
63,745 |
100,148 |
18,456 |
421,670 |
|
128 |
43 |
18 |
6,555 |
||
|
13 |
4 |
2 |
721 |
||
|
Connecticut |
|
47,993 |
251,335 |
16,541 |
268,044 |
|
30 |
48 |
11 |
105 |
||
|
4 |
7 |
1 |
9 |
||
|
District of Columbia |
|
8,974 |
23,721 |
8,261 |
49,461 |
|
|
|
|
120 |
||
|
|
|
|
8 |
||
|
Florida |
|
164,516 |
755,214 |
77,606 |
2,476,528 |
|
112 |
94 |
|
1,342 |
||
|
8 |
13 |
|
97 |
||
|
Georgia |
|
116,456 |
168,629 |
40,238 |
426,115 |
|
260 |
29 |
17 |
4,094 |
||
|
31 |
3 |
1 |
401 |
||
|
Hawaii |
|
267,157 |
14,242 |
1,906 |
18,820 |
|
301 |
|
|
|
||
|
17 |
|
|
|
||
|
Idaho |
|
8,105 |
19,460 |
4,073 |
80,241 |
|
2 |
|
|
218 |
||
|
1 |
|
|
30 |
||
|
Illinois |
|
248,800 |
640,237 |
78,006 |
1,253,676 |
|
70 |
346 |
48 |
4,686 |
||
|
7 |
30 |
5 |
438 |
||
|
|
|
Language Categories |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
State |
Population |
Asian and Pacific Island |
Other Indo-European |
All Other Languages (Includes
Hungarian, Arabic and African) |
Spanish
|
|
No. of Mins. Used |
|||||
|
No. of Calls
Made |
|||||
|
Indiana |
|
36,707 |
126,530 |
13,269 |
185,576 |
|
11 |
40 |
19 |
2,690 |
||
|
2 |
8 |
2 |
255 |
||
|
Kansas |
|
33,203 |
41,207 |
6,998 |
137,247 |
|
|
|
|
84 |
||
|
|
|
|
4 |
||
|
Kentucky |
|
21,031 |
51,025 |
6,356 |
70,061 |
|
|
|
|
64 |
||
|
|
|
|
4 |
||
|
Louisiana |
|
41,963 |
225,750 |
9,462 |
105,189 |
|
|
|
|
30 |
||
|
|
|
|
3 |
||
|
Maine |
|
5,737 |
76,079 |
2,539 |
9,611 |
|
|
14 |
|
|
||
|
|
1 |
|
|
||
|
Maryland |
|
135,899 |
198,932 |
57,054 |
230,829 |
|
5 |
6 |
|
529 |
||
|
1 |
1 |
|
50 |
||
|
Massachusetts |
|
171,253 |
529,784 |
44,522 |
370,011 |
|
100 |
195 |
72 |
739 |
||
|
17 |
20 |
10 |
53 |
||
|
Michigan |
|
104,467 |
303,122 |
127,104 |
246,688 |
|
1 |
16 |
23 |
102 |
||
|
1 |
6 |
2 |
14 |
||
|
Minnesota |
|
103,520 |
110,644 |
43,758 |
132,066 |
|
87 |
4 |
256 |
843 |
||
|
4 |
1 |
12 |
71 |
||
|
Mississippi |
|
13,558 |
23,700 |
7,749 |
50,515 |
|
7 |
21 |
|
90 |
||
|
1 |
2 |
|
3 |
||
|
|
|
Language Categories |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
State |
Population |
Asian and Pacific Island |
Other Indo-European |
All Other Languages (Includes
Hungarian, Arabic and African) |
Spanish
|
|
No. of Mins. Used |
|||||
|
No. of Calls
Made |
|||||
|
Missouri |
|
41,970 |
97,816 |
13,743 |
110,752 |
|
22 |
|
|
92 |
||
|
4 |
|
|
7 |
||
|
Montana |
|
3,006 |
17,978 |
10,334 |
12,953 |
|
|
|
|
9 |
||
|
|
|
|
1 |
||
|
Nebraska |
|
15,014 |
27,905 |
5,080 |
77,655 |
|
13 |
|
8 |
677 |
||
|
2 |
|
2 |
78 |
||
|
Nevada |
|
68,523 |
47,183 |
12,319 |
299,947 |
|
147 |
90 |
46 |
16,561 |
||
|
11 |
8 |
3 |
1,797 |
||
|
New Jersey |
|
275,832 |
659,248 |
98,869 |
967,741 |
|
21 |
12 |
10 |
523 |
||
|
3 |
3 |
2 |
40 |
||
|
New Mexico |
|
11,517 |
22,032 |
97,734 |
485,681 |
|
|
17 |
|
780 |
||
|
|
1 |
|
102 |
||
|
New York |
|
671,019 |
1,654,540 |
221,236 |
2,416,126 |
|
1,543 |
1,088 |
259 |
12,175 |
||
|
199 |
102 |
18 |
1,040 |
||
|
North Carolina |
|
78,246 |
119,961 |
26,368 |
378,942 |
|
37 |
79 |
|
919 |
||
|
5 |
5 |
|
107 |
||
|
Ohio |
|
84,658 |
296,816 |
53,872 |
213,147 |
|
26 |
89 |
34 |
237 |
||
|
3 |
5 |
4 |
21 |
||
|
Oklahoma |
|
34,517 |
36,892 |
26,063 |
141,060 |
|
54 |
|
|
148 |
||
|
4 |
|
|
12 |
||
|
|
|
Language Categories |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
State |
Population |
Asian and Pacific Island |
Other Indo-European |
All Other Languages (Includes
Hungarian, Arabic and African) |
Spanish
|
|
No. of Mins. Used |
|||||
|
No. of Calls
Made |
|||||
|
Oregon |
|
75,279 |
82,828 |
12,948 |
217,614 |
|
22 |
46 |
16 |
683 |
||
|
3 |
4 |
2 |
68 |
||
|
Pennsylvania |
|
143,955 |
428,122 |
43,653 |
356,754 |
|
57 |
41 |
34 |
208 |
||
|
3 |
4 |
2 |
20 |
||
|
South Carolina |
|
25,534 |
55,116 |
5,749 |
110,030 |
|
9 |
3 |
|
108 |
||
|
1 |
1 |
|
10 |
||
|
South Dakota |
|
3,053 |
19,510 |
12,960 |
10,052 |
|
|
|
|
99 |
||
|
|
|
|
10 |
||
|
Tennessee |
|
39,701 |
68,879 |
14,005 |
133,931 |
|
9 |
8 |
12 |
649 |
||
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
54 |
||
|
Texas |
|
374,330 |
358,019 |
83,222 |
5,195,182 |
|
869 |
378 |
61 |
32,071 |
||
|
80 |
48 |
8 |
3,339 |
||
|
Utah |
|
37,805 |
49,865 |
15,335 |
150,244 |
|
25 |
54 |
8 |
1,232 |
||
|
5 |
2 |
1 |
147 |
||
|
Vermont |
|
3,015 |
24,334 |
935 |
5,791 |
|
|
8 |
|
|
||
|
|
1 |
|
|
||
|
Virginia |
|
170,136 |
195,846 |
52,935 |
316,274 |
|
94 |
|
42 |
434 |
||
|
7 |
|
1 |
39 |
||
|
Washington |
|
242,836 |
176,722 |
29,838 |
321,490 |
|
1,396 |
323 |
450 |
4,871 |
||
|
120 |
36 |
33 |
441 |
||
|
|
|
Language Categories |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
State |
Population |
Asian and Pacific Island |
Other Indo-European |
All Other Languages (Includes
Hungarian, Arabic and African) |
Spanish
|
|
No. of Mins. Used |
|||||
|
No. of Calls
Made |
|||||
|
West Virginia |
|
6,038 |
19,491 |
2,714 |
17,652 |
|
7 |
|
|
12 |
||
|
1 |
|
|
2 |
||
|
Wisconsin |
|
61,447 |
124,719 |
13,768 |
168,778 |
|
9 |
18 |
|
707 |
||
|
1 |
2 |
|
91 |
||
Appendix VI
· Telephone lines - 215 @ $75 per line = $ 16,125
· Handsets - 415 @ $15 per handset = $ 6,225
· Splitters - 346 @ $5 per splitter = $1,730
· Telephone sets - 63 @ $50 per telephone set = $ 3,150
· Dial tone service for 215 telephone lines @ $35 per month for 12 months = $ 90,300
Total Estimated Cost for the
First Year = $117,530
Appendix
VII
The response was removed due to its size. To see the complete response, please go to the Adobe PDF version of the report on the TIGTA Public Web Page.