The Toll-Free Telephone Filing Season Planning Process Is Adequate
May 2000
Reference Number: 2000-40-080
This report has cleared the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration disclosure review process and information determined to be restricted from public release has been redacted from this document.
May 22, 2000
MEMORANDUM FOR COMMISSIONER ROSSOTTI
FROM: Pamela J. Gardiner
Deputy Inspector General for Audit
SUBJECT: Final Audit Report – The Toll-Free Telephone Filing Season Planning Process Is Adequate
This report presents the results of our review of the planning process for the Internal Revenue Service’s (IRS) Toll-Free Telephone system for the FY 2000 Filing Season. The primary objective of the review was to determine whether the IRS was adequately preparing its Toll-Free Telephone Operation for the 2000 Filing Season.
In summary, we found that although the IRS has made progress, resource limitations will prevent implementation of new taxpayer services that provide Spanish-speaking callers the option of having their questions answered in Spanish, providing all callers the option of talking to a customer service representative, and measuring the quality of customer service for Spanish-speaking callers.
Our final report entitled Toll-Free Telephone Service Levels Declined in 1999 Despite Costly Efforts to Achieve World Class Performance (Reference Number 2000-30-062, dated March 2000) contains numerous recommendations involving some of the same issues found in this review. Management has responded under a separate cover to that report. Therefore, we are not making any additional recommendations in this report.
Management believes they have complied with both the spirit and intent of the IRS Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998 (RRA 98) as it relates to improving service to its customers. Management also stated that they remain committed to providing top quality service to the American public. Management’s comments have been incorporated into the report where appropriate, and the full text of their comments is included as an appendix.
Copies of this report are also being sent to the IRS managers who are affected by the report. Please contact me at (202) 622-6510 if you have questions, or your staff may call Walter E. Arrison, Associate Inspector General for Audit (Wage and Investment Income Programs), at (770) 986-5720.
Appendix I - Detailed Objective, Scope, and Methodology
Appendix II – Major Contributors to This Report
Appendix III – Report Distribution List
Appendix IV – Management’s Response to the Draft Report
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998 (RRA 98), Pub. L. No. 105-206, 112 Stat. 685, sent a clear message that the IRS must do a better job in meeting taxpayer needs. The IRS faces significant challenges as it prepares to respond to over 54 million telephone calls it expects to receive during the 2000 Filing Season. Some of the challenges include implementing new tax law changes. To assess the IRS’ effectiveness in meeting these challenges, the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration has conducted a series of reviews to evaluate the effectiveness of the IRS’ process for preparing for the 2000 Filing Season.
The objective of this review was to determine whether the IRS was adequately preparing its Toll-Free Telephone Operation for the 2000 Filing Season.
Results
The IRS has a fundamentally sound approach to planning telephone assistance for the 2000 Filing Season that covers: anticipating the number of taxpayers who will call on the toll-free line, staffing telephone operations with trained personnel, and purchasing equipment to improve overall service. Although the IRS has made progress towards implementing RRA 98 provisions for telephone assistance, resource limitations will prevent it from fully implementing some RRA 98 provisions that would provide new taxpayer services. However, to improve its telephone operations, the IRS needs to ensure it implements the recommendations in our final report Toll-Free Telephone Service Levels Declined in 1999 Despite Costly Efforts to Achieve World Class Performance (Reference Number 2000-30-062, dated March 2000).
The Internal Revenue Service Has an
Effective Process to Prepare Its Toll-Free Telephone Operation for the 2000 Filing SeasonPlanning for the filing season is an evolving process that includes input from many sources. The National Filing Season Readiness 2000 Executive Steering Committee is responsible for overseeing the entire IRS preparation for the 2000 Filing Season. The National Director for the Customer Service Telephone Operations Division co-chairs this committee. The committee developed an action plan to monitor the implementation of action items such as staffing, training, equipment needs, and implementing new taxpayer services required by the RRA 98. Also, the National Director chairs the Customer Service Filing Season Readiness Committee. This committee conducts weekly teleconferences with other Customer Service executives and their staffs at the various toll-free call sites throughout the country to ensure items in the action plan are being timely implemented and any concerns are resolved.
Customer Service management issued operating guidelines on October 8, 1999, to assist managers in their understanding of the numerous goals the IRS is challenged to achieve and to succeed in improving customer and employee satisfaction, as well as increasing compliance and productivity.
The Internal Revenue Service Has Made Progress but Will Not Fully Implement All Internal Revenue Service Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998 Provisions That Will Provide New Taxpayer Services
To improve service and accessibility, the RRA 98 required the IRS to: give the taxpayer the employee’s name (effective September 22, 1998) and unique identifying number during a telephone call (effective January 22, 1999); answer taxpayers’ calls in Spanish in appropriate circumstances (effective January 1, 2000); and provide an option for taxpayers to talk with an IRS employee during normal duty hours (effective January 1, 2000).
At the time of our review, the IRS took actions to require Customer Service Representatives (CSR) to provide their name and identifying number to taxpayers when answering telephone calls. This was included in employee training and quality reviewers are required to evaluate whether employees properly identify themselves to taxpayers.
The IRS has made progress but will not fully implement the RRA 98 requirements to provide Spanish-speaking callers the option to have their questions answered in Spanish and provide all callers the option of talking to a CSR.
Providing and Evaluating Service to Spanish-Speaking Taxpayers
The IRS has three major toll-free product lines to assist in servicing taxpayers – 1040, General Inquiries; 8815, Account Inquiries; and 4262, Refund/Earned Income Tax Credit Inquiries. The IRS estimates that 2.2 million Spanish-speaking taxpayers could call the IRS from January to June 2000.
Spanish-speaking callers will not have the option of having their questions answered in Spanish when they call the 8815 and 4262 product lines. The IRS initially requested this option be placed on all of the above product lines but limited the option to the 1040 product line because of insufficient resources and other priorities.
Although the IRS will provide a new service to Spanish-speaking taxpayers, it will not be able to evaluate the quality of the service. The IRS’ national quality staff does not have bilingual quality reviewers, and there are not enough bilingual quality reviewers in the local quality review functions to monitor the Spanish calls. The IRS has attempted to hire bilingual quality reviewers in the past but has been unsuccessful in finding qualified candidates.
Providing Taxpayers Who Use Telephone Assistance With the Option of Talking to Employees
For Fiscal Year 2000, the IRS telephone helplines will not provide the option for all taxpayers to speak with a CSR. For example, taxpayers who use the Tele-Tax helpline (automated Response Unit system which taxpayers can access for pre-recorded tax and refund account information) will not have an option during the call to speak with a CSR. Also, when the volume of calls is high and there are not enough CSRs available, instead of receiving a busy signal, taxpayers are automatically routed to the Selected Expanded Access (SEA) service, another separate interactive automated service that will provide taxpayers with pre-recorded messages on various tax-related topics. However, the SEA also does not provide the taxpayer with an option to speak with a CSR during the same call. If the pre-recorded messages do not answer the taxpayer’s question, he/she will have to call back at a later time to speak with an available CSR.
The IRS is delaying implementation of the option to speak to a CSR during a Tele-Tax helpline call until a replacement system is implemented. The Tele-Tax helpline is not scheduled to migrate to a new system until July 2000. There are no plans to provide taxpayers access to a CSR for calls routed to the SEA.
During the 1999 Filing Season, over 37 million taxpayers used the Tele-Tax helpline and nearly 12 million taxpayers were offered the SEA option. Documentation is not available to determine the number of taxpayers who needed to speak with a CSR during the call but were unable to because their questions were not answered by the pre-recorded messages.
Management’s Response: Management has responded under a separate cover to our final report entitled Toll-Free Telephone Service Levels Declined in 1999 Despite Costly Efforts to Achieve World Class Performance (Reference Number 2000-30-062, dated March 2000), which contains numerous recommendations involving some of the same issues found in this review. Management believes they have complied with both the spirit and intent of RRA 98 as it relates to improving service to its customers. Management also stated that they remain committed to providing top quality service to the American public. Management’s complete response to the draft report is included as Appendix IV.
The overall objective of our review was to determine whether the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) adequately prepared its Toll-Free Telephone Operation for the 2000 Filing Season. To accomplish our objective, we evaluated the IRS’ process in preparation for providing taxpayers with telephone assistance and the implementation of some IRS Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998 (RRA 98) provisions that provide new telephone services to taxpayers. We initiated this review as part of the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration’s Fiscal Year (FY) 1999 Audit Plan.
We conducted the audit in the National Office, the Customer Service Operations Center, and the Atlanta, Fresno, Jacksonville, and Seattle Customer Service call sites. Our audit was performed between August and November 1999 in accordance with Government Auditing Standards.
Details of our audit objective, scope, and methodology are presented in Appendix I. Major contributors to this report are listed in Appendix II.
The RRA 98 sent a clear message that the IRS must do a better job in meeting taxpayer needs. The IRS Commissioner has made improving quality of customer service provided to taxpayers the keystone in plans for modernizing the IRS. For example, on October 1, 1999, the IRS reorganized the Customer Service function. This reorganization centralized management and realigned customer service sites.
The overall mission of the IRS is to provide America’s taxpayers top quality service by helping them understand and meet their tax responsibilities and by applying the tax law with integrity and fairness to all. As part of this overall mission, the IRS wants to provide world-class customer service to taxpayers who use telephone assistance during the 2000 Filing Season.
The IRS provides customer service to taxpayers by answering questions through its Toll-Free Telephone System. The Customer Service function provides this toll-free telephone service to taxpayers who ask questions in response to notices or letters received from the IRS or about tax return preparation issues, inquire about the status of their refunds, or order tax forms and publications.
The IRS faces significant challenges as it prepares to respond to the over 54 million telephone calls it expects to receive during the 2000 Filing Season. Some of the challenges include implementing new tax law changes.
The IRS has a fundamentally sound approach to planning telephone assistance for the 2000 Filing Season that covers: anticipating the number of taxpayers who will call on the toll-free line, staffing telephone operations with trained personnel, and purchasing equipment to improve overall service.
For the 2000 Filing Season, a national sample of calls to evaluate the quality of service will not include telephone calls received from Mondays through Saturdays between 11:00 PM and 7:00 AM and all calls received on Sundays. Customer Service management informed us the sample was designed with industry standards for accuracy. It is valid nationally on a monthly basis and quarterly at the call sites. The sampling plan should allow the reviewers access to more than 95 percent of all calls received.
Management in three of four call sites we contacted informed us they are planning on monitoring toll-free calls during some of the time periods not included in the national sample. However, at the time of our review, they had not yet developed their local quality review plans. Generally, less experienced employees provide toll-free assistance during these periods.
Customer Service management has provided effective oversight and implemented a number of actions to prepare the IRS’ telephone operations for the 2000 Filing Season. Although the IRS has made progress, it will not fully implement some RRA 98 provisions that relate to the telephone operations because of resource limitations. However, to improve its telephone operations, the IRS needs to ensure it implements the recommendations in our final report Toll-Free Telephone Service Levels Declined in 1999 Despite Costly Efforts to Achieve World Class Performance (Reference Number 2000-30-062, dated March 2000).
The Internal Revenue Service Has an Effective Process to Prepare Its Toll-Free Telephone Operation for the 2000 Filing Season
Planning for the filing season is an evolving process that includes input from many sources. The following key elements provide the foundation of the readiness planning process:
National Filing Season Readiness 2000 Executive Steering Committee
The Executive Steering Committee (ESC) is responsible for overseeing the entire IRS preparation for the 2000 Filing Season. The National Director for the Customer Service Telephone Operations Division co-chairs this committee. Senior IRS executives meet biweekly to raise and resolve issues impacting the filing season. The results from internal focus groups, historical data, and an evaluation of the last filing season are some methods used to identify pertinent issues for the upcoming year. The ESC developed an action plan to monitor implementation of the readiness of items such as staffing, training, equipment needs, and RRA 98 statutory requirements. The following are some specific actions taken:
The Commissioner approved this redefinition on August 10, 1999. The Department of the Treasury also verbally agreed to the revisions.
Meanwhile, the IRS is proceeding with implementing the following modified 24/7 toll-free telephone service:
Although the IRS will have modified 24/7 toll-free telephone service for the 2000 Filing Season, it is committed to expanding full service offerings to 24/7 in the following year(s) as soon as human resources, skills development, and technology are available.
Customer Service Filing Season Readiness Process
The National Director for the Customer Service Telephone Operations Division chairs this committee, which provides another readiness check for the Customer Service organization. Weekly conference calls are held with National Directors and Customer Service Field Operation executives. Multi-functional issues are followed up on with the appropriate functional executives.
Customer Service Fiscal Year 2000 Operating Guidelines
Customer Service management issued operating guidelines on October 8, 1999. This document provided guidelines to assist managers in their understanding of the numerous goals the IRS is challenged to achieve and to succeed in improving customer and employee satisfaction, as well as increasing compliance and productivity. The operating guidelines also highlight program objectives and measures.
Certification of Readiness Process
All call sites must perform readiness reviews and certify by December 15, 1999, that they are prepared for the 2000 Filing Season.
The Internal Revenue Service Has Made Progress but Will Not Fully Implement All Internal Revenue Service Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998 Provisions That Will Provide New Taxpayer Services
The RRA 98 requires the IRS to ensure employees identify themselves to taxpayers when answering questions and answer questions in Spanish on the telephone in appropriate circumstances and to provide taxpayers the option of speaking to an IRS employee during normal duty hours.
At the time of our review, the IRS changed procedures to require CSRs to provide their name and identifying number to taxpayers during the calls. This was included in employee training, and quality reviewers are required to evaluate whether employees properly identify themselves to taxpayers.
To improve service and accessibility, the RRA 98 § 3705(c) required the IRS to answer taxpayers’ telephone calls, in appropriate circumstances, in Spanish, and the RRA 98 § 3705(d) required the IRS to provide an option for taxpayers to talk with an IRS employee during normal duty hours. These new taxpayer services became effective January 1, 2000.
Providing and Evaluating Service to Spanish-Speaking Taxpayers
The IRS has three major toll-free product lines to assist in servicing taxpayers – 1040, General Inquiries; 8815, Account Inquiries; and, 4262, Refund/Earned Income Tax Credit Inquiries. The IRS estimates that 2.2 million Spanish-speaking taxpayers could call the IRS from January to June 2000.
The IRS developed an option at the beginning of a call that will direct a taxpayer to either an English or Spanish script to answer their questions. The IRS initially requested this option be placed on all of the above product lines. Subsequently, the IRS decided to limit the option to the 1040 product line. It cited insufficient resources and other priorities as reasons for limiting the option to the one line. As a result, the Spanish-speaking taxpayers who call the other two product lines will not have the opportunity to continue their calls in Spanish.
Although the IRS will provide a new service to Spanish-speaking taxpayers, it will not be able to evaluate the quality of the service. The IRS will not conduct corporate or local quality monitoring of Spanish toll-free calls during the 2000 Filing Season. Currently, the IRS’ national quality staff does not have bilingual quality reviewers to conduct corporate monitoring of Spanish calls. Also, there are not enough bilingual quality reviewers in the local quality review functions to monitor Spanish calls. The IRS has attempted to hire bilingual quality reviewers in the past but has been unsuccessful in finding candidates who are both bilingual and have technical quality review skills.
The IRS informed us it is tentatively planning to hire Spanish-speaking quality reviewers at the Jacksonville call site sometime in FY 2000. Also, Customer Service management has been considering hiring bilingual quality reviewers for the Puerto Rico call site, which will be operational in FY 2001.
Without any quality monitoring of Spanish calls, the IRS will not be able to determine the accuracy of tax assistance provided to Spanish-speaking taxpayers who call the toll-free helplines. Any incorrect responses that may go undetected could cause problems for taxpayers and, later, the IRS in the return filing process.
Providing Taxpayers Who Use Telephone Assistance With the Option of Talking to Employees
The RRA 98 provides that all callers to the IRS during normal business hours will have the option to talk to a person, in addition to hearing any applicable recorded message.
Because the Tele-Tax helpline (automated Response Unit system which taxpayers can access for pre-recorded tax and refund account information) is scheduled to migrate to a new system in July 2000, the IRS decided to forego the functionality of giving taxpayers the option to talk to an assistor during normal business hours until a replacement system is implemented. The modernization will integrate the Tele-Tax and the Telephone Routing Interactive System (receives a call and provides a response based on a taxpayer’s selection), which will provide access to an employee.
Also, the Selected Expanded Access (SEA) is used to provide an interactive automated service to customers who would otherwise receive a busy signal. The SEA is used when call volumes are high and there are not enough assistors available. The SEA is activated when the threshold of employees to callers in the queue reaches a ratio of 100:175. However, the SEA does not provide the taxpayer with an option to speak with an employee during the same call. If the pre-recorded messages do not answer the taxpayer’s question, he/she will have to call back at a later time to speak with an available employee. There are no plans to provide taxpayers access to a CSR for calls routed to the SEA.
During the 1999 Filing Season, over 37 million taxpayers used the Tele-Tax helpline and nearly 12 million taxpayers were offered the SEA option. Documentation is not available to determine the number of taxpayers who needed to speak with a CSR during the call but were unable to because their questions were not answered by the pre-recorded messages.
As a result of the functionality of the Tele-Tax helplines and SEA, taxpayers will not always have the option of speaking to an assistor as required by the RRA 98. This may result in repeat calls and correspondence to the IRS.
Overall, the IRS has an effective process for preparing its telephone operations for the filing season. The IRS also has made progress toward implementing the RRA 98 provisions that relate to the telephone assistance. The inability to fully implement all the RRA 98 provisions can primarily be attributed to resource limitations. However, to improve its telephone operations, the IRS needs to ensure it implements the recommendations in our final report Toll-Free Telephone Service Levels Declined in 1999 Despite Costly Efforts to Achieve World Class Performance (Reference Number 2000-30-062, dated March 2000).
Management’s Response: Management has responded under a separate cover to our report entitled Toll-Free Telephone Service Levels Declined in 1999 Despite Costly Efforts to Achieve World Class Performance (Reference Number 2000-30-062, dated March 2000), which contains numerous recommendations involving some of the same issues found in this review. Management believes they have complied with both the spirit and intent of RRA 98 as it relates to improving service to its customers. Management also stated that they remain committed to providing top quality service to the American public.
Appendix I
Detailed Objective, Scope, and MethodologyThe overall objective of the review was to determine whether the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) adequately prepared its Toll-Free Telephone Operation for the 2000 Filing Season.
Scope and Limitations
We conducted the review from August through November 1999 in the IRS’ National Office, the Customer Service Operations Center (CSOC), and four Customer Service call sites - the Atlanta Customer Service (ATCS), Fresno Customer Service (FCS), Jacksonville Customer Service (JCS), and Seattle Customer Service (SCS) call sites. These sites were selected because they were 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (24/7) customer service operations and/or were call sites selected for the Spanish-speaking initiative. We obtained information by interviewing IRS employees and by reviewing IRS documents and guidelines.
At the time of our review, monitoring documents (filing season action plans) had not been completed by several of the call sites. Also, filing season readiness certifications from call site and service center directors were not due to the Filing Season 2000 Executive Steering Committee until December 15, 1999.
We conducted the following audit tests to accomplish the objective.
Appendix II
Major Contributors to This ReportWalter E. Arrison, Associate Inspector General for Audit (Wage and Investment Income Programs)
Gary Lewis, Director
Michael Phillips, Director
Steve Root, Acting Director
Bernice Banks, Audit Manager
Patricia Lee, Audit Manager
Dan Adams, Senior Auditor
Deborah Carter, Senior Auditor
Gregory Dix, Senior Auditor
Frank Jones, Senior Auditor
Anthony Anneski, Auditor
Lena Dietles, Auditor
Roy Evans, Auditor
Jackie Forbus, Auditor
Kathy Henderson, Auditor
Patricia Goodrich, Management Auditor
Appendix III
Report Distribution ListDeputy Commissioner Operations C:DO
Chief Operations Officer OP
Assistant Commissioner (Customer Service) OP:C
Chief, Customer Service Field Operations OP:CSF
Director, Office of Program Evaluation and Risk Analysis M:O
National Director for Legislative Affairs CL:LA
Office of Management Controls M:CFO:A:M
Office of the Chief Counsel CC
Office of the National Taxpayer Advocate C:TA
Audit Liaison - Customer Service OP:C:W:E:T
Appendix IV
Management’s Response to the Draft ReportThe response was removed due to its size. To see the complete response, please go to the Adobe PDF version of this report on the TIGTA Public Web Page.